$$$ KPO and CZM $$$: book
Showing posts with label book. Show all posts
Showing posts with label book. Show all posts

Monday, July 9, 2018

Book Review - Your Money or Your Life

Your Money or Your Life? You will probably only encounter this in either scenario - a robber pointing a gun/knife/banana at you or reading the book by Vicki Robin.


This has always been one of the books I wanted to read because I was first introduced to it by a colleague who quit his job (without another job offer) after reading this book a year ago. He was totally fine with taking a pay cut to do something of interest or even drive Uber/Grab (when Uber still existed). Regardless, I have just finished the book and it did give me some new perspectives on money/life but I will still be keeping my job. lol.

Let me share some of my favorite quotes/important concepts in the book.

1. "Money is something you trade your life energy for. ... The only real asset you have is your time. The hours of your life."

Nothing is free in this world except for the air you breathe! "When you are not paying for the product you are the product" - this has become a pretty common saying when it comes to the services (social media, email, etc) provided by the various technology giants (Facebook, Google, Microsoft, etc.). So why are the employers paying for your salary? They are buying/paying for your skills, knowledge, experience and most importantly, your time.

One of the main concepts in the book is finding out your actual hourly wage aka life energy. Typically, people would take their monthly salary and divide by the total number of hours (assuming 8 hours a day, 4 days a week - 160 hours). The book attempts to quantify it differently by taking into various aspects such as the commuting hours + overtime hours (if you are not paid) + the different expenses one would incur due to the job (e.g. working clothes, outside food, etc.) and you will see your hourly wage reduces drastically. One classic example is the Big 4 auditors straight out of school (a few years ago, it was $2,900 - $3,200 per month before CPF deduction, not too sure about the current rate) where one can work till 12/1 am every weekday and work on almost every weekend. The actual hourly wage could even be lesser than those part-time workers. That was the life CZM was leading. Do read the book to understand more!

In addition, earning more does not make one more happy. The survey which was conducted by them indicated that almost everyone wished/wanted 50% more than what they have currently. I don't know about you but both CZM and I can definitely relate with this. Back in the university, we were thinking $5,000 would be a lot, more than enough but when we have really gotten it, after deducting CPF and the various expenses, it feels meh and we start to think if only we have more. This then becomes a vicious cycle when one continues to chase for more... Having said that, we do understand that there are many other people who are less fortunate and do not earn as much as we do and we should be contented with what we have.

2. "Life energy is all we have. It is precious because it is limited and irretrievable..."

It may sound philosophical but it is the hard truth. Everyone lives in a different way/scenario but the only constant we all have is time. Every dollar that you spent can always be earned back but every second that has passed is irreversible. Our parents are aging every single day with more and more white hairs and wrinkles as the days passed. Those with children/baby will see them grow bigger/older and how many of their first (crawling, walking, speaking, etc.) have you witnessed/missed while trading your life energy away for money?

That is why we are so aggressive when it comes to building wealth/portfolio for earlier financial independence/retirement! At the same time, we are enjoying life/ourselves by having good food and travelling overseas almost every year. There is more to life than just money.

3. "Your savings rate is one of the most important factors for achieving Financial Independence."


Original Post by Zach from Four Pillar Freedom: Here’s How Much Investment Returns Matter Based on Net Worth

This has been discussed/brought up multiple times by many books, bloggers, everywhere but I shall reiterate this point again. Using the inflated median salary ($4,232 including employer CPF contributions which do not make sense to me) provided by MOM as an example, the actual salary will be about $3,617 and the take home salary will be about $2,893.


The "Difference" in percentages would be the investment returns that will be required for one to achieve the same amount of savings as increasing the savings rate by an additional 10%. For example, person X who is saving 20% would need a 50% return on investment to have the same amount as person Y who is merely saving 30% and not investing at all. As you can see, saving an additional 10% would be much more significant than achieving a 10% investment return simply because the portfolio is smaller.

4. The Fulfillment Curve & The Wall Chart


Original Source by J.D from Get Rich Slowly: How Much is Enough?

Knowing how much is enough/sufficient is the other important factor. The above graph is a visualization of the saying "money can't buy happiness". Once you are at the point of "ENOUGH", spending more money will not make you feel fulfilled/happy anymore. A simple analogy will be going for a buffet - once you are full, continuing to eat will only make you feel unwell/bloated or even puke. Unfortunately, the fulfillment curve is kinda abstract and is different for everyone, hence one will have to figure it out yourself.


Personally, I like the "wall chart" that was taught in the book and I came up with my own spreadsheet to do that! On the flip side, it requires one to track their expenses. The idea is simply - track your salary, expenses and passive income. Once your passive income touches/exceeds your expenses, you would have reached the "crossover point" which also means financial independence.

The book uses a 4% withdrawal rate based on the investment asset/portfolio hence I have prepared 2 copies of the spreadsheet - one including CPF and the other excluding. Although there will be CPF life once you reach retirement age which contributes to your passive income, the more conservative approach is to exclude CPF totally. lol.

You can find the Google Sheet here - KPO - YMOYL Wall Chart

On a side note, I have managed to catch up with my colleague recently (he just rejoins the company) to understand how has the last 1 year been for him. It turns out that he has been doing freelancing by taking up various IT projects. In between, he lost some money in the US stocks market and in cryptocurrencies. He did not come back because of a lack of money (he has already reached his crossover point) but simply for a more stable environment as he puts in more hours into freelancing. Having said that, his crossover point is extremely low. He is single and his daily meal expenses can be less than a dollar (oatmeal)! At the end of the day, it is always about the sacrifice/tradeoff one is going to make for early retirement...

CZM and I are definitely not ready for that! We still want to eat good food and travel around the world! Hahahaha.

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Friday, December 15, 2017

Book Review - The Automatic Millionaire

During the last weekend, CZM hijacked my laptop and was using it to work. Out of boredom, I googled for the "best finance books to read in 2017" and came across the link by Business Insider - The 25 best personal finance books to read in 2017. As I read the article, this particular book, The Automatic Millionaire by David Bach caught my eye.


As recommended by one of the readers during my last book review (Book Review - Building Wealth through REITS), we can borrow the book from the National Library Board mobile app/site and use OverDrive to read for free! You will need to sign up for a myLibrary ID with NLB first.

I enjoyed reading the book as it was interesting, easy to read and teaches important concepts with various examples. There are 9 chapters in total (estimated reading time by Overdrive is 3 hours) and I will briefly share some of the content that resonated with me.

Screenshot from the book, page 63-64
The Latte Factor
Everyone knows this, spending money on a cup of coffee in Starbucks ($5+) vs hawker/food court ($1+). Indulging once in a while is fine but buying it every day, is it really necessary? The latte factor is not limited to just coffee, it can be anything (cigarettes, atas restaurant, etc.)!

Screenshot from the book, page 65-66
Assuming if you were to save the money and invest them, you can become a millionaire too! The author recommended tracking your expense for a period of time (a week/month) in order to find your latte factor.

Pay Yourself First
We work hard to earn money and every month we will be paying bills, loans, taxes, etc once we receive our salary. How often does one pay himself/herself first by saving for retirement?

Screenshot from the book, page 109-110
The context is based on the 401k and IRA in the United States but the idea is pretty relevant in Singapore too which will be our CPF and SRS. The author recommended one to "pay" himself first by contributing to the retirement account and using pretax money to invest. The idea is simple, every dollar that I earn (take-home pay), that dollar will be taxable by IRAS as income tax. However, if I were to transfer the money into CPF or SRS, that would no longer be taxable and I can then invest more.

I blogged about the CPF RSTU previously on how it can easily be one of the best investment (no/low risk and high return). Topping up $7,000 at one shot can be a lot but one can break it up into 12 payments. The moment your salary is in, credit $583 into your CPF and pay yourself first instead of our government. lol. The author recommended doing this automatically which is possible in the US. Unfortunately, I could not find a GIRO/automatic option for our CPF. As pointed out by a reader (jusiu), it is possible to GIRO the RSTU! The form can be accessible here - RSTU Giro Form :)

Making It Automatic

Screenshot from the book, page 133-134
After saving up, the next thing is to invest your money. The author recommended investing in mutual funds or ETF as they offer great diversification. Interestingly, in the latest edition of his book, he included robo advisors as an alternative and recommended the bigger firms such as Betterment and Wealthfront. Unfortunately, we cannot use our CPF or SRS to invest through any of the robo advisors in Singapore.

The book also discusses other things such as having sufficient emergency fund, not having any credit card debts, how to get out of debts and donating money to charity. You can refer to the below "Millionaire Blueprint" for a quick overview.

The Millionaire Blueprint

Screenshot from the book, page 257-258 or http://finishrich.com/blueprint/
I highly recommend one to read this book!

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Friday, July 28, 2017

Book Review - Building Wealth through REITS

In my previous post, I shared how I bought the book for free using a $7 promotion and Google Opinion Rewards credits. KPO never like reading books since young but this is the 2nd book I have finished reading (CZM judges me for not finishing Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone). The 1st book was Rich Dad Poor Dad and I am still reading The Intelligent Investor.


There are 8 chapters in total:
1. An Overview of REITs
2. REITs Versus Other Yield Investments
3. Perception Versus Reality
4. Different Types of REITs
5. The Health of a REIT
6. How Much is a REIT Worth
7. Building a String REIT Portfolio
8. REITs in a Volatile Interest Rate Environment

The author, Bobby Jayaraman brought up something that resonated with me - investing in actual property vs REITs. A lot of my friends still prefer buying a second property (condominium) as an investment (even CZM as well before she was pyscho/convince by me). I would then ask them this question - Buying a second property will get you in debt and the rental income is taxable by the government. On the other hand, dividends from stocks are not taxable in Singapore, so why would you want to be taxed by the government? Bobby (my temporary best friend) discussed this too. To be more specific, one would be liable for property tax at 10% - 20% of the value of the property + tax on rental income. Gone are the days where one can purchase a property and the price doubles/triples in a short period of time (our parents' generation where HDB cost $20,000 to $100,000).


Some of the more ridiculous reasonings I hear is we are never getting back our CPF, hence getting a second property is the way to get the money out. I would then share some of my knowledge on CPF that its main purpose is for retirement. Whether we are able to meet the minimum sum, it is still our money but that is a discussion for another day.

Bobby also discussed how Singapore REITs (S-REITs) are regulated by MAS as compared to other countries:
- REIT does not pay any corporate tax if it distributes at least 90% of its income
- REITs can have up to 35% and up to 60% gearing if they obtain a credit rating from one of the 3 major credit rating agencies. Note that this is no longer the case, MAS announced a new guideline on 2015 that REIT will have a single tier leverage limit of 45%.
- REITs can develop property up to 10% of the total value of the properties. This has also been increased to 25% now.

Bobby then addressed the 7 most common misperceptions of REITs such as sponsors dumping assets, REITs will suffer in a rising interest rate environment, REITs constantly asked unit holders for more funds, etc and explained the different types of REITs:
- Retail
- Hospitality
- Office
- Health care
- Industrial
- Cross-border

Some of the important numbers/metrics to look for include NPI (Net Property Income), property yield, interest cover, etc. NPI is important because it can be used to value a property earnings power after deducting related expenses. NPI divided by the property value gives the property yield (not to be confused with dividend yield). In an ideal scenario, increasing NPI and DPU is the best. The book recommended that > 3x interest cover is preferred as it reflects the REIT's ability to service its debt.

In terms of valuing REITs, Bobby taught the following 6 ways, the various financing strategy of REITs and the concept of a yield accretive acquisition.:
- Yield-based approach
- NAV approach
- Capitalization method
- Discounted cash flow method
- Replacement cost method
- Comparable sales method

Last but not least, there is a huge section on the interviews with various REITs CEOs.

All in all, I feel that this will be an excellent introduction to REITs as an investment for new investors. If you are a KPO just like me who prefers not to spend any money, there are a lot of free resources out there on the Internet. A lot of what has been discussed in the book were not new to me.

These are the free resources:
- Investment Moats: The Definitive REITs Training Center
- Dr Wealth: REITs in Singapore
- SIAS: Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs)

A reader pointed out that it is possible to download ebooks for free from our National Library! Do check out these links:
eReads
How to borrow e-books from the National Library Board

Saturday, July 22, 2017

Free Google Play $7 Credit for Book

KPO previously introduced a way to earn Google Play credit through Google Opinion Rewards. Ever since then, I have been shopping in the Play Store every once in a while. Most of the time not buying anything, if only I can invest the credit. lol. Today, I came across an offer in the Books category!


Although it states "Just for You" or me, I believe some if not all of you will have it too! Click on it and you will get the below T&Cs. You have until 30th September 2017 to redeem the offer!


The promotion "$7 Credit on any Book Over $7" is just another marketing gimmick to make you spend money (the least you would have to pay is $0.01)! However, if you have been doing some surveys over the past few weeks, you would have accumulated a huge amount of Google Credit (I have > $10). So I went shopping for investment related book and finally decided to settle on one - "Building Wealth through REITS (Expanded Edition)". The reason why I chose this book is that the content/discussion is based on Singapore REITs.


If you prefer the hard copy/physical book, you can purchase it in Kinokuniya for $23.54 ($21.19 if you are a member). The total cost of the book KPO got it for - $0.00! Haha. 

Another excellent book that I would like to recommend is "The Intelligent Investor". You can head over to missniao's article for a quick summary and a link to download the free 5th edition PDF book - Best $35 spent in my entire life – The Intelligent Investor.

Let me know if you guys have the promotion too and which book did you purchase? I have a lot of Google Credit and dun know where to spend it. lol.